北京外国语大学英语学院2020年硕士研究生题型说明

英语学院2020年
“英语语言文学”、“翻译学”、“翻译硕士（英语口译、英语笔译）”
题型说明



“英语基础测试（技能）”、“英语能力测试（写作）”
请见附件样题或题型说明：1）英语基础测试（技能）样卷; 英语能力测试（写作）样卷




翻译学专业“英汉互译（笔译）”题型说明：
英译汉（40分）
英语原文题材：非文学类；
英语原文字数：300-350个单词左右。

汉译英（40分）
汉语原文题材：文学文化类；
汉语原文字数：300-350个汉字左右。

汉英编译（20分）
汉语原文题材：新闻类；
汉语原文字数：1000个汉字左右；
编译成英文的字数要求：限250个英文单词以内。

翻译理论（50分）
行文语言：英语；
题目内容：要求对某一翻译理论、翻译思想、翻译学说等进行评论，并阐明自己对该问题的观点；
答题字数：要求不低于350个英语单词。




MTI“翻译硕士英语”题型说明

翻译硕士英语旨在考察学生的英语基本功和常见领域的专业知识，包括三道题：

第一题：词汇和英文术语（30分）
无提示填空，考察词汇，兼顾知识面（政治、经济、科技、外交、法律等）。分为两个小题。
1.单词填空
给出一段文章，挖掉若干单词填空，没有选项提示。（20分）
例如：
One of the primary purposes of the United Nations is the maintenance of international peace and security. Since its creation, the UN has often been called upon to prevent disputes from escalating into war, to persuade opposing parties to use the conference table rather than force of arms, or to help restore peace when armed conflict does break out. Over the decades, the UN has helped end numerous conflicts, often through actions of the Security Council— the primary organ for dealing with issues of international peace and security. The Security Council, the General Assembly and the Secretary-General, however, all play major, complementary roles in fostering peace and security. United Nations activities cover the principal areas of conflict prevention, peacemaking, peacekeeping, enforcement and peacebuilding (see www.un.org/peace). These types of engagement must overlap or take place simultaneously if they are to be effective.
2.英文术语填空
给出一些常见概念的定义，考生写出概念。（10分）
例如：Gross ________ ________is the monetary value of all the finished goods and services produced within a country’s borders in a specific time period.
填写Domestic Product.

第二题：阅读理解和翻译（30分）
给出一篇文章，阅读之后，翻译划线句子，考察英文理解能力和汉语表达能力。（30分）
例如：
FEDERALISM: GOOD OR BAD?
Sometimes, however, confusion or controversy about which government is responsible for which functions surfaces at the worst possible moment and lingers long after attempts have been made to sort it all out.1 Sadly, in our day, that is largely what “federalism” has meant in practice to citizens from New Orleans and the Gulf Coast region.
Before, during, and after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita struck in 2005, federal, state, and local officials could be found fighting among themselves over everything from who was supposed to maintain and repair the levees to who should lead disaster relief initiatives.2 In the weeks after the hurricanes hit, it had been widely reported that the main first-responders and disaster relief workers came, not from government, but from myriad religious and other charitable organizations. Not only that, but government agencies, such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency, often acted in ways that made it harder, not easier, for these volunteers and groups to deliver help when and where it was most badly needed.
Federalism needs to be viewed dispassionately through an historical lens wide enough to encompass both its worst legacies (for instance, state and local laws that once legalized racial discrimination against blacks) and its best (for instance, blacks winning mayors’ offices and seats in state legislatures when no blacks were in the U.S. Senate and not many blacks had been elected to the U.S. House).3
Federalism, it is fair to say, has the virtues of its vices and the vices of its virtues.4 To some, federalism means allowing states to block action, prevent progress, upset national plans, protect powerful local interests, and cater to the self-interest of hack politicians. Harold Laski, a British observer, described American states as “parasitic and poisonous,” 20 and William H. Riker, an American political scientist, argued that “the main effect of federalism since the Civil War has been to perpetuate racism.” By contrast, another political scientist, Daniel J. Elazar, argued that the “virtue of the federal system lies in its ability to develop and maintain mechanisms vital to the perpetuation of the unique combination of governmental strength, political flexibility, and individual liberty, which has been the central concern of American politics.”

第三题：英语表达（40分）
分为三个小题：英文改错、英文作文和编写英文摘要。
1.英文句子改错 （10分）
给出若干表达不符合英文习惯的句子，考生进行修改。考察语法和英文表达能力。
例如：
1) This measure will have a restrictive effect on the activities of speculators
修改：This measure will restrict the activities of speculators
2) For example, in the 2007 edition of the book there are totally 45 footnotes.
修改：For example, in the 2007 edition of the book there are 45 footnotes in total.
2.英文作文（15分）
按照给定要求，写英文作文，不少于200词。考察英语表达能力。
3．编写英文摘要（15分）
给出一篇英语文章（约600单词），考生用英语编写摘要（大约150单词）。考察用英文归纳总结的能力。


MTI“英语翻译基础”题型说明
第一题：术语翻译（共30分）
英译汉（15分）汉译英（15）

第二题：英译汉篇章翻译（50分）

第三题：汉译英篇章翻译（70分）